SCENERY OF KOTLI SATTIAN

The hills, slopes and narrow valleys among the spurs are often extremely beautiful and attractive. Green Pines, Olive and many other evergreen and seasonal trees are found on the lower hills. The lowest hills and valleys contain a luxuriant growth of various trees, bushes and under growths.

The Patriata, Khalabut and Phofandi hills are beautifully wooded and the scenery is exquisite. The panorama view comprises, as it frequently does, a breathtaking picture of a foreground of lovely, lush woodland scenery and a background of the lofty snow clad peaks of the Himalayas. 

many of the lower valleys are extremely picturesque as well, especially the valley between Narrar and Phofandi spurs on the southwest. The tributaries of the Soan River run down with many beautiful, picturesque pools and streams. The numerous fountains, having cool, fresh and health-giving water are found throughout this region. 

The scenery near the western banks of the Jhelum river is often fine, especially below the beetling cliffs of the Narrar mountain. In many cases, small hamlets and little patches of cultivation are found high up on the hillsides and mountaintops. 

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Related Articles
CLIMATE OF KOTLI SATTIAN
BEAUTIFUL PLACES OF KOTLI SATTIAN
PHYSICAL CONFIGURATION OF KOTLI SATTIAN
GEOLOGICAL FORMULATION OF KOTLI SATTIAN
GEOGRAPHY AND DESCRIPTION OF KOTLI SATTIAN

Reference : A Handbook of Kotli Sattian 

RUBUS ELLIPTICUS (YELLOW HIMALAYAN RASPBERRY)

Rubus Ellipticus is commonly known as Golden Evergreen Raspberry and Yellow Himalayan Raspberry. It is known as "Akhay" in local language of Kotli Sattian.

Rubus Ellipticus is an evergreen shrub producing a cluster of stout, heavily armed, upright, biennial stems from a woody root-stock. It usually grows 100 - 300 cm tall, occasionally up to 450 cm. The stems only produce leaves, and do not flower, in their first year of growth, forming flowering branches in their second year and then dying after fruiting. The plant can rapidly form tall, dense thickets. The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a food and a medicine. The fruit is sold in local markets in the Himalayas. 

Habitats 

Shrubberies and open hillsides, to 2300 metres in the Himalayas. Dry slopes, montane valleys, sparse forests and thickets at elevations of 1000 - 2600 metres.

Edible Uses

Fruit - raw or cooked,  A good raspberry-like flavor. Sweet with a pleasant blend of acidity. The golden yellow fruit is about 10 mm in diameter.  The fruit contains about 10.9% sugars, 1.1% protein, 0.5% ash, 0.55 pectin. The fruit is a good source of micro nutrients such as anthologists, phenol's, flavoring and vitamin C. They have a moderate to good antioxidant activity and make an excellent, healthful addition to the diet.

Medicinal

The plant is astringent and febrifuge. A decoction of the root, combined with Girardinia diversifolia root and the bark of Lagerstroemia parviflora, is used in the treatment of fevers. The juice of the root is used in the treatment of fevers, gastric troubles, diarrhea and dysentery. The root, combined with the dried fruit of Brucea javanica is given in the treatment of dysentery. A paste of the roots is applied externally to wounds. Both the roots and the young shoots are considered to be a good treatment for colic. The leaf buds, combined with Centella asiatica and Cynodon dactylon, are pounded to a juice and used in the treatment of peptic ulcers. The juice of the fruit is used in the treatment of fever, colic, coughs and sore throat. The inner bark is used in Tibetan medicine, it is said to have a sweet and sour flavour plus a heating potency. A renal tonic and antidiuretic, it is used in the treatment of weakening of the senses, vaginal/seminal discharge, polyuria and micturition during sleep.

DEEWAN-E-SATTI - THOON

The village of Thoon is situated about 20 km eastward from the main road that lies between Rawalpindi and Kotli Sattian. It stands on steep slopes which raise from the Jhelum river upward to the top of the Narrar Peak (Panjpeer). The maximum height of the settlement is 3,953 feet above sea level. 

The Jhelum river flows at the foot and Khad Thoon joins in it. This separates the village from the other villages in the north. The village along with its many settlements are spread on slopes that face the northeast. It is surrounded by evergreen woods and presents a picturesque view.

This village is unique among Sattis, because the founding father of the Satti Tribe, Baba Satti was born in this village and this is the fundamental settlement of the tribe. Some antiquities related to the forefathers, particularly the father of the tribe still exist and call the tribesmen to come forward and preserve these legacies in reference to your history. 

COLONEL (R) MUHAMMAD YAMIN SATTI

Colonel (R) Muhammad Yamin Satti (Late) was Member of Punjab Assembly for three consecutive terms during 1985-93 and served as Minister for Communication & Works during 1990-93. He also served as Chairman District Council Rawalpindi. He is popularly known as Baba-e-Kohsar and Baba-e-Sattian. He played a vital role in establishing Tehsil Kotli Sattian. 

GHULAM MURTAZA SATTI

Former MNA Ghulam Murtaza Satti was born on June 18, 1966 in his native place Narrar in Tehsil Kahuta, District Rawalpindi. He was elected as MNA on a PPP seat in year 2002. He was elected nazim of the Narrh union council in Kahuta Tehsil in 2000.

On July 24, 2008, the federal government appointed former MNA Ghulam Murtaza Satti as head of Infrastructure Project Development Facility (IPDF). 


Murtaza Satti joined Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf in 2017.

An educationist by profession, he completed master’s degree in public administration from Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad in 1991. 

He got his early education in his native village and after completing his matriculation he traveled to Karachi for his further education.  Murtaza was a colour holder in the volley ball during his university days while he was studying in Karachi University. he is an avid hunter as well.

DR AAMER WAHEED SATTI

Mr. Aamer Waheed Satti is working as "Assistant Professor" in the Department of Management Sciences at CIIT Islamabad. Mr. Satti has joined the department in February 2004 and during this tenure he taught Management and Accounting related subjects. He has worked as Incharge Undergraduate Programs from January 2011 to January 2015. During this tenure he has introduced new academic programs like BS (Accounting and Finance) and Bachelor of Business Studies. Mr. Satti was the founding convener of Departmental Exam Monitoring Team and now involved and working in different committee/teams like; Member of Disaster Management Committee, Organizer of Capacity Building Workshop on Islamic Finance, Organizer of iPakistan, Organizer of Managed Pakistan, Member organizing committee of SAICON and more. Mr. Satti is known as workaholic man and trend setter by inculcating changes in processes. He is actively involved in administration and supervising different operations at departmental level.

Mr. Satti is a PhD scholar at CIIT Islamabad. His areas of research interest are employee development and performance appraisal. He has published seven journal articles with two conference proceedings. He has worked as a Quality Control Officer (QCO) in National Commission for Human Development (NCHD) project based at Islamabad.  

In 2015-2016, Mr. Satti has lead the two offices as Incharge DARC (Department Academic Regulatory Committee) Office and Incharge Personnel Office of the Department of Management Sciences.

DR PERVAIZ SATTI

Pervaiz Satti is a clinical psychologist, a lawyer and a philanthropist. He worked in an international project of World Health Organisation (WHO) as a clinical psychologist, he had been working in various states of America, having International Affiliate status of American Psychological Association Washington D.C since 1997. Prior to this he worked as a clinical psychologist in the department of Psychiatry Rawalpindi General Hospital (now Benazir Bhutto Hospital).

Currently he is residing in Islamabad and imparting free psychological services to deserving cases about mental health counselling and psychotherapy in Islamabad, United kingdom and United States. He has profound inclination for humanitarianism and innate tendency of philanthropy.

Pervaiz Satti obtained his PhD in clinical psychology and he earned his masters degree with university distinction.

In addition to this he is a lawyer as well. His law degree helped him greatly in his research work in the field of "psychology and criminology", "hates and crimes", "cognitive functions and abnormal behaviours".  

PAHARI AND POTHWARI - A SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEY

Northern Pakistan boasts a rich variety of linguistic and cultural backgrounds. Much has been learned about the sociolinguistic situation of this part of the world through recent research, such as the Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan (O’Leary 1992). Cultural societies in various language communities are supporting mother-tongue literacy and production of vernacular literature as a means of preserving the rich ethnic heritage of this area.

 The Punjabi dialect chain in the Indo-Aryan language family includes millions of speakers in northern Pakistan. This is one area where the sociolinguistic situation has not been investigated. Choosing a well-respected and widely understood dialect for development of printed and oral materials is an important factor in literacy and literature development. Knowledge about language vitality and domains of use is important for language planners who make decisions about future education and training.

Pahari, which means “mountainous,” is primarily spoken in the Murree and Kotli Sattian tehsils of the Rawalpindi District in northern Pakistan. The Murree dialect of Pahari ends at the Jhelum River, but another dialect of the same language, also called Pahari as well as Chibhali, extends into Azad Kashmir. As one travels from Murree to Abbottabad, one passes through a transitional region between Ayubia and Nathiagali, where the language gradually changes from Pahari to Hindko. 

Pothwari is spoken in the plateau south of the Pahari dialect area. Its southern border is formed by the Salt Range; from there the area runs northward to Rawalpindi and eastward to the Jhelum River. As one travels from Rawalpindi to Murree, the language transitions from Pothwari to Pahari around Bharakao, approximately where the Murree Hills begin. Mirpuri is spoken in the district of Mirpur in Azad Kashmir. People who live in this area refer to their language sometimes as Mirpuri but also as Pahari. Hundreds of thousands of those living in this district have immigrated to the UK and other countries (Lothers and Lothers 2003).

Michael Lothers and Laura Lothers published a survey report in 2010, comprised of 262 pages. This report gives a snapshot of the Pahari-Pothwari language complex. It addresses questions of dialect versus language and the number of dialects through synchronic, descriptive means rather than a historical, phonological comparison. The survey team used oral interviews, questionnaires, wordlists, comprehension testing, and our own observation from the two and a half years we lived in Murree, Pakistan.

The Pahari-Pothwari language complex includes three major but mutually intelligible dialects: Pahari, Pothwari and Mirpuri. Those speaking the latter, Mirpuri, also refer to their language as Pahari.

CLICK HERE TO READ "PAHARI AND POTHWARI: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEY"

TEACHER OF GEOGRAPHY - A DOCUFICTION

Teacher of Geography ( جعرافیہ کا ماسٹر ) is a Docufiction inspired from the short story of Masaud Mufti, and dramatized by Shakeel Adnan Hashmi, is based on Master Chaand Tara of Indian Occupied Kashmir, which was filmed in Kotli Sattian and will be aired on PTV on 5th of February 2018 (Kashmir Solidarity Day) at 07:45 pm.


 CLICK HERE TO WATCH THE PROMO OF جعرافیہ کا ماسٹر

Behind the Scenes

ZIAFAT SATTI - SHAHEED

Ziafat Satti - Shaheed

Ziafat Satti of Dheerkot, Kotli Sattian was among 11 soldiers of the Pakistan Army, who were martyred on Saturday (03/Feb/2018) when a terrorist blew himself up during a volleyball match near the Pakistan Army's sports unit situated at Sharifabad area of Swat's Kabal tehsil in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

The soldiers were playing volleyball in the evening outside the Military base, when a suicide bomber managed to blow himself up. The match was also being watched by civilians, and the casualty count couldn't rise as a large number of people had gathered in the area, adding that wounded were shifted to a nearby Military hospital.

BASHIR AHMED SATTI SHAHEED

Sepoy Bashir Ahmed Satti, 38 FF Regiment of Pakistan Army embraced martyrdom on 26th April 2014 at Dana Back Sector, LOC Kashmir. He hailed from Biaga, Kotli Sattian, Rawalpindi.

BERBERIS ARISTATA (HIMALAYAN BERBERRY), (SUMBAL)

Berberis Aristata is a thorny shrub belonging to the family Berberidaceae and the genus Berberis. It has yellow root. The flowers are yellow and in corymbose racemes. The fruits are oblong-ovoid or ovoid, bright red berries.

It is widely found in Northern Areas of Pakistan, Mansehra, Balakot, Galyat, Swat and North Waziristan in KPK, Kashmir, Murree and Kotli Sattian hills in Punjab, and also found in different areas of Balochistan.

Berberis Aristata is known as "Sumbal" in local language of Kotli Sattian. Sumbal can treat fatal diseases, including Cancer, Brain tumor, Diabetes, Thyroid glands, Infertility and Arthritis. 

MARPHOLOGY DESCRIPTION

It is a dynamical bush. The old plant is seven to eight feet tall, and It is full of thorns and branches spread around, each thorn is in set of three thorns. Trunk diameter of old plants becomes three to four inches, and the roots are eight to ten feet deep in the ground. This root is used as a herb, its skin is peeled off from the root and then dried in the shade and it’s taste is bitter and colour is yellow. Sumbal flowers flourish in the form of bright yellow clusters, leaves are oblong and sharp-edged, flowers are dispersed after a few days and they are replaced with little green berries, ripening blackish. Its leaves and flowers are eatable with bitter taste. It is used as a treatment of the mouth and throat diseases, and the Powder of Sumbal Root is good for healing cancer patients.

THE FLOWERING AND FRUITING SEASON

Flowering in Berberis Aristata starts from the first fortnight of March and remains in progress up to the end of April. The peak flowering season under Solan conditions was recorded to be from 8-25 April. The fruit start ripening from the second week of May and continue to do so throughout June. They can be retained on the shrub after ripening for quite a long period, but they fall off soon after the onset of rains. The fruiting season, therefore, ends abruptly with the commencement of the rainy season.

The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by insects and self. The plant is self-fertile.

The small fruits with their seeds are sweet, with a blend of acid. They are slightly bitter and the bitterness is due to the seeds. The taste and flavour of the fruits is good.

SUMBAL HERB NAMES IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES

Botanical name : Berberis Aristata
English name : Tree Turmeric, Indian Berberry, Himalayan Berberry
Urdu name : Darhald (Root), Zarishk (Berries), Rassaut (Root bark extract), Sumbal, Sumbloo

Arabic name : Ameerbaarees
Persian name : Filzahra (Root), Zarishk (Berries)

Baloch name : Zaril, Koroy
Pashto name : Zarilragay, Koroy
Kashmiri name : Rassashud (Root bark extrat), Kaw Dach Mool (Root)
Punjabi name : Rassaut, Sumlu

Pahari name : Sumbal
Chinese name : Huang Lian

German name : Indischer Berberitze

French name : Epine-vinette d’lnde

Hindi Name : Rasaut (Root Bark Extract), Darhald (Root), Zarishk (Berries)

Nepali Name : Chutro

Cancer (All Types):

Mix the Sumbal and the Turmeric powder in same weight. Fill the mixture in double zero sized capsules. Take one capsule after morning and evening meals, with milk. Cancer of every type will be controlled within a month.

1. Mouth or Breast Cancer: Mix the Kushta Sunkh (کشتہ سنکھ), Sumbal and Turmeric powder in same weight. Use a double zero sized fill capsule 3 times a day, after meals with Dhamasa soaked water.
2. Soak the small piece of Sumbal in a bowl of water in the evening, and drink in the morning, before meal. Similarly soak in the morning and drink in the evening.
   
   

   Brain Tumor:

   Take Siris tree bark, Kushta Sunkh, Sumbal and Turmeric Powder in the same weight. Add sum sugar and fill in double zero sized capsules. Diabetic patients may exclude sugar. Take one capsule thrice a day, after meals with Dhamasa soaked water. Continue it for 3 to 4 months for complete health.

   Cancerous Sore:

   Use half filled double zero sized capsule of Sumbal Powder thrice a day with fresh water or milk. The sore will be healed within 20 days.

   Mouth Disease:

   Sumbloo can also be used in mouth or sore throat. Hust keep small piece of Sumbloo in mouth and sleep. The bitter Sumbal water goes through mouth and throat and patient is healed within a night.

   Toothache:

   Take half-filled double sized capsule of mixed powder of Sumbal, Galingale (پان کی جڑ) and Jujube (عُناب) in same weight, twice a day, after meals.

   Pawn Ribs or Neck Pain:

   Take half-filled, double zero sized capsules of Sumbal powder, twice a day, after meals.
   Best Toothpaste: Mix Sumbal Powder equal to half the quantity of a good toothpaste, Now use it like a toothpaste.

   Thyroid Glands:

   Mix the Kushta Sunkh, Turmeric, Sumbal and Arsenic Powder No. 2 in the same weight and fill it in double-zero sized capsule. Take one capsule twice a day, with milk, for two to three months. You can also keep a small piece of Sumbal in mouth at night will also help healing Thyroid.

   Chronic Wounds:

   Just sprinkle the Sumbal powder on chronic wounds, to cure them, and also take a small quantity of it twice a day, with water or milk.

   Diabetes:

   Take small quantity of Sumbal twice a day with milk. You can also drink Sumbal soaked water twice a day before meals. To get rid of diabetes, soak a small piece Sumbal in a bowl of water at night and drink in morning. Similarly, soak in morning and drink before night meal.

   Arthritis:

   Take small quantity of Sumbal powder with milk, at night. Pain will be relieved within two or three days.Boil the two or three pieces of Sumbal, and drink. The joint pain will be removed.

   Infertility:

   Fill the double zero sized capsule with Kushta Sunkh, turmeric and Sumbal powder in equal weight, and take thrice a day with milk, for at least six months.

   Broken Bones:

   Mix Sumbal Powder in white part of eggs and apply on broken bone. Also bind strongly if possible. the bone will rejoin in 20 days.

   Hepatitis:

   Soak one piece of Sumbal in a bowl of water in the evening and drink in the morning before meal. Again do the same in the morning and drink in the evening before evening meal.

   Enlargement of Liver or Spleen:

   Prepare green tea of Sumbal and take before meals, twice a day.

   Stomach Worms:

   Take a small quantity of Sumbal powder early morning with water to get rid of Stomach Worms, within two to three days. You can repeat the process if needed.

   Diarrhea and Cramps: Mix Sumbal and dried Ginger powder in same weight and take thrice a day with milk or water.

   Side Effects :  Sumbal is safe for use but because of the berberine it contains, it must not be used by pregnant or breastfeeding women and should not be administered to newborns.

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   Reference : Watt (1889)
                      Healthy Manners
   
   Research : Anjum Satti

PHYSICAL CONFIGURATION OF KOTLI SATTIAN

The different areas of the Subdivision Kotli Sattian vary greatly from each other. The highest point in the Subdivision is at Phofandi Peak, which is over 7,035 ft above sea level. The lowest point is on the River Jhelum near Pattan, which is only 1,587 ft above sea level. 

The Subdivision posses a unique position on account of its strategic location, climate, environment and scenery produce a general characteristics. The shortest and safest route that connects the Federal Capital to the sensitive frontiers of Kashmir is through this subdivision. The high walls of mountains on the northeast side, protects the Federal Capital as a fortress. As the homeland of most of the in-service and retired forces personnel, it stands surety to the well-being of the motherland. The Federal Capital, to some extent, depends on this area for water supply, construction materials, fruits, vegetables, poultry and much of the labour force.  

Reference : A HANDBOOK OF KOTLI SATTIAN

SATTI SISTERS - PAKISTAN TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS

Raheela Anjum (now Raheela Kashif) and Naila Anjum are daughters of proud Satti tribe from Kotli Sattian in Rawalpindi district, who donned the Pakistan colour. They ruled at National table tennis horizon for a decade during the 1990s. They went to play in the Tokyo championship, Japan. Both sisters also represented Pakistan in Asian games. That was the golden era of table tennis in Pakistan.

Raheela went to the Barcelona Summer Olympics (1992) in Spain to represent Pakistan. She won the bronze medal for Pakistan at 8th SAF games, Nepal (1999) in women's single and silver medal in women's double. She is gold and silver medalist in Asian Games, National Games, Pakistan Master Cup and many other tournaments. Raheela started playing professionally at the age of 12, and became national championship, a year after in 1990. She is 3 Times National Champion, Silver Medalist SAF Games 2004, Bronze in SAF Games Sri Lanka, Silver Medalist SAF Games 2016, 4 Gold Medals in National Championship 2000, 3 Gold Medals in National Championship 2016.

Naila moved to United States after getting married and settled there, but Raheela is still playing for last 27 years as there are no fresh players to replace her. Raheela Anjum of the 90s is now known as Raheela Kashif, after getting married to Kashif Shahzad.

Raheela Kashif, Shabnam Bilal and Maliha Khursheed participated in World Championship in March 2016 and qualified for semi finals. Later on, Raheela Kashif qualified for the quarter-finals of the women’s singles table tennis competitions of the Fourth Islamic Games in Baku, Azerbaijan in March 2017. The duo of Shabnam Bilal and Raheela Khalif - members of the Pakistan women's team who bagged silver Medal in 2016, are both over 45. They were also part of the Pakistan team that clinched silver at the 2004 edition in Islamabad.


International Table Tennis player Raheela Kashif introduced an indoor table tennis facility as Islamabad Table Tennis Training Club in Islamabad to enable the beginners with learning the sport and develop ultimate skills of game enabling them to perform at National Level.

PINE SAP, RESIN AND TURPENTINE

Sap is a fluid transported in xylem cells (vessel elements) or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant. These cells transport water and nutrients throughout the plant. It's more of a liquid, like honey or less viscous than honey. Sap is the sugary secretion from plants as well as trees. Sap is known as "Jaygun" in local language of Kotli Sattian.

Sap is not to be confused with latex, resin or cell sap; it is a separate substance, separately produced, and with different components and functions.

Sap is like the lifeblood of a tree. It helps carry nutrients through the tree to where they are needed most. Roots are constantly pulling in water, minerals and other nutrients that need to be spread throughout the tree, especially to the leaves. Leaves, meanwhile, are producing simple sugars and need a way to transport through the tree fibers and get rid of their waste products. Sap is used to carry these compounds to where they are needed. It moves much slower than blood does, and is of a much thicker consistency.

                          Pine Sap is dripping out after trimming the tree in Kotli Sattian

                               

Pine resin or pitch is the secretion from pine trees caused by cuts in the tree trunk or from broken limbs. The trees secrete the resin to seal up any cuts or damage to the tree.
In polymer chemistry and materials science, resin is a "solid or highly viscous substance" of plant or synthetic origin that is typically convertible into polymers. They are often mixtures of organic compounds, principally terpenes. Many plants, particularly woody plants, produce resin in response to injury. The resin acts as a bandage protecting the plant from invading insects and pathogens.

                                                               Pine Resin 
                                                     

Pitch: think of an intermediate between a liquid and a complete solid. Pitch is like that crystallized honey you find in your pantry after it’s been there for quite a while.

Difference between Sap and Resin

Sap is more of a liquid that is less viscous than honey. Resin is a sticky solid form of secretion that is highly valued for their chemical properties and associated uses. Sap is made of sugar and water carried in the xylem and phloem cells of the trees. Resin is a liquid found in the outer cells of the trees.

Turpentine, a substance characteristic of pine trees and other conifers, is composed of a mixture of resins and volatile oils. Turpentine is the volatile oil distilled from pine resin, which itself is obtained by tapping trees of the genus Pinus. 

Turpentine (also called spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine, wood turpentine and colloquially turps). It is mainly used as a solvent and as a source of materials for organic synthesis.

Turpentine oil is made from the resin of certain pine trees. It is used as medicine. Don't confuse turpentine oil with gum turpentine, which is the resin. Turpentine oil is applied to the skin for joint pain, muscle pain, nerve pain, and toothaches.

 TURPENTINE USES, BENEFITS & DOSAGE
                                   
 USES OF STICKY PINE SAP

 By : Anjum Satti